Updated: Dec 9, 2025 | Source: 2022-2026 Question Pool | Topic: T3A
T3A03T3A

What antenna polarization is normally used for long-distance CW and SSB contacts on the VHF and UHF bands?

Deep Dive: T3A03

The correct answer is C: Horizontal. For long-distance CW and SSB contacts on VHF and UHF bands, horizontal polarization is normally used. This is because horizontal polarization works better for weak-signal, long-distance communications on these bands. Horizontal polarization is preferred for weak-signal work (like meteor scatter, moonbounce, or tropospheric ducting) because it typically provides better performance for these propagation modes. Most weak-signal operators use horizontally polarized antennas (like horizontal Yagis) for VHF/UHF DX work. Vertical polarization is more common for local FM communications and repeaters, but horizontal is the standard for long-distance weak-signal operations.

Why Other Answers Are Wrong

Option A: Incorrect. Right-hand circular polarization is used for some satellite work, but horizontal is standard for terrestrial weak-signal work. Option B: Incorrect. Left-hand circular polarization is used for some satellite work, but horizontal is standard for terrestrial weak-signal work. Option D: Incorrect. Vertical polarization is common for local FM and repeaters, but horizontal is preferred for long-distance weak-signal work.

Exam Tip

VHF/UHF long-distance = Horizontal polarization. Remember: For long-distance CW and SSB on VHF/UHF, use horizontal polarization. Vertical is for local FM, horizontal is for weak-signal DX.

Memory Aid

**L**ong **D**istance **V**HF/**U**HF = **H**orizontal (think 'LDVU = H' = Long Distance VHF/UHF = Horizontal)

Real-World Example

You're trying to work a station 500 miles away on 2-meter SSB using tropospheric ducting. You use a horizontally polarized Yagi antenna pointed in their direction. Most weak-signal operators on VHF/UHF use horizontal polarization for these long-distance contacts, so matching their polarization gives you the best signal strength and communication reliability.

Source & Coverage

Question Pool: 2022-2026 Question Pool

Subelement: T3A

Reference: FCC Part 97.3

Key Concepts

Horizontal polarization VHF/UHF Weak-signal Long-distance communications

Verified Content

Question from the official FCC Technician Class pool. Explanation reviewed by licensed amateur radio operators and mapped to the T3A topic.