Deep Dive: E9H09
The correct answer is A: Cardioid. A single-turn, terminated loop such as a pennant antenna creates a cardioid (heart-shaped) radiation pattern. The termination makes the loop unidirectional with a single null. A terminated loop (like a pennant antenna) is a loop antenna with a termination resistor. The termination absorbs the wave traveling in one direction, making the antenna unidirectional. This creates a cardioid pattern - strong in one direction with a null in the opposite direction. The cardioid pattern is ideal for direction-finding because it has a single, well-defined null that clearly indicates direction. This is different from an unterminated loop, which would have a bidirectional figure-eight pattern. The termination is what creates the cardioid pattern.
Why Other Answers Are Wrong
Option B: Incorrect. A terminated loop isn't bidirectional - the termination makes it unidirectional with a cardioid pattern. Option C: Incorrect. A terminated loop isn't omnidirectional - it has a directional cardioid pattern with a null. Option D: Incorrect. Hyperbolic isn't a standard antenna pattern type. Terminated loops create cardioid patterns.
Exam Tip
Terminated loop pattern = Cardioid. Remember: A single-turn, terminated loop (like a pennant antenna) creates a cardioid (heart-shaped) pattern - unidirectional with a single null, ideal for direction-finding.
Memory Aid
**T**erminated **L**oop = **C**ardioid (think 'TL = C')
Real-World Example
You build a pennant antenna - a single-turn loop with a termination resistor. The termination makes it unidirectional, creating a cardioid pattern. The pattern is strong in the forward direction with a deep null behind. This single null makes it excellent for direction-finding - when you find the null, you know exactly which direction the signal is coming from.
Source & Coverage
Question Pool: 2024-2028 Question Pool
Subelement: E9H
Reference: FCC Part 97.3
Key Concepts
Verified Content
Question from the official FCC Extra Class pool. Explanation reviewed by licensed amateur radio operators and mapped to the E9H topic.