Updated: Dec 9, 2025 | Source: 2024-2028 Question Pool | Topic: E8B
E8B01E8B

What is the modulation index of an FM signal?

Deep Dive: E8B01

The correct answer is A: The ratio of frequency deviation to modulating signal frequency. The modulation index of an FM signal is the ratio of frequency deviation to modulating signal frequency. Modulation index (m) = Δf / fm, where Δf is the peak frequency deviation and fm is the modulating frequency. The modulation index determines how much the carrier frequency varies relative to the modulating signal. A higher modulation index means more frequency deviation for a given modulating frequency. The modulation index affects the bandwidth of the FM signal and the number of significant sidebands. For example, with a modulation index of 5, the FM signal will have significant sidebands extending well beyond the modulating frequency. Modulation index is a key parameter in FM system design.

Why Other Answers Are Wrong

Option B: Incorrect. This describes the inverse relationship. Modulation index is deviation divided by modulating frequency, not amplitude divided by deviation. Option C: Incorrect. This describes bandwidth divided by modulating frequency, not the modulation index. Modulation index is about deviation, not bandwidth. Option D: Incorrect. This describes bandwidth divided by modulating frequency, not the modulation index definition.

Exam Tip

FM modulation index = Deviation / Modulating frequency. Remember: Modulation index = frequency deviation divided by modulating signal frequency. m = Δf / fm.

Memory Aid

**M**odulation **I**ndex = **D**eviation / **M**odulating **F**requency (think 'MI = D/MF')

Real-World Example

You're transmitting FM with 5 kHz peak deviation and a 1 kHz modulating tone. The modulation index is 5 kHz / 1 kHz = 5. This tells you the carrier frequency varies 5 times the modulating frequency. A higher modulation index means more sidebands and wider bandwidth.

Source & Coverage

Question Pool: 2024-2028 Question Pool

Subelement: E8B

Reference: FCC Part 97.307

Key Concepts

Modulation index FM modulation Frequency deviation Modulating frequency

Verified Content

Question from the official FCC Extra Class pool. Explanation reviewed by licensed amateur radio operators and mapped to the E8B topic.