Updated: Dec 9, 2025 | Source: 2024-2028 Question Pool | Topic: E5B
E5B09E5B

What is the relationship between the AC current through a capacitor and the voltage across a capacitor?

Deep Dive: E5B09

The correct answer is D: Current leads voltage by 90 degrees. What is the relationship between the AC current through a capacitor and the voltage across a capacitor is that current leads voltage by 90 degrees. In a capacitor, current leads voltage by 90°. For amateur radio operators, this is important for circuit theory. Understanding this helps when working with capacitors.

Why Other Answers Are Wrong

Option A: Incorrect. Voltage and current in phase isn't correct - in a capacitor, current leads voltage by 90°. In phase is wrong. Option B: Incorrect. Voltage and current 180 degrees out of phase isn't correct - in a capacitor, current leads voltage by 90°. 180° is wrong. Option C: Incorrect. Voltage leads current by 90 degrees isn't correct - in a capacitor, current leads voltage by 90°. Voltage leading is wrong.

Exam Tip

Capacitor AC relationship = current leads voltage by 90 degrees. Think 'C'apacitor = 'C'urrent 'L'eads. In a capacitor, current leads voltage by 90°. Not in phase, not 180°, not voltage leading - just current leads by 90°.

Memory Aid

Capacitor AC relationship = current leads voltage by 90 degrees. Think 'C'apacitor = 'C'urrent 'L'eads. In a capacitor, current leads voltage by 90°. Important for circuit theory.

Real-World Example

AC current through a capacitor and voltage across a capacitor: The current leads the voltage by 90 degrees. This is because the capacitor's current responds immediately to voltage changes, while the voltage builds up. This is the relationship - current leads voltage by 90°.

Source & Coverage

Question Pool: 2024-2028 Question Pool

Subelement: E5B

Reference: 2024-2028 Question Pool · E5 - Electrical Principles

Key Concepts

AC current through capacitor Voltage across capacitor Current leads voltage 90 degrees

Verified Content

Question from the official FCC Extra Class pool. Explanation reviewed by licensed amateur radio operators and mapped to the E5B topic.